A Review of Membrane Filtration and Its Efficiency in Improving Water Quality in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 PhD. student Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Instructor of Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e Anzali, Iran

Abstract

Given that many commercial aquatic species of the country are bred in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASes), it is necessary to carefully evaluate and control the amount of water quality in these systems. Due to this issue, in the present study, the efficiency of membrane filtration in water treatment of RASes was investigated. First, general information about the membrane filtration process, including its types and benefits, was presented, and then, the importance of membrane filtration in removing contaminants and water treatment from aquaculture systems was discussed. Membrane filtration covers a wide range of filtration processes including reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF), and microfiltration (MF). Examination of the obtained sources showed that the membrane filtration has several advantages, the most important of which are the reduction of overall production costs, high flexibility, and high product quality. The solids in the aquaculture system come from uneaten food and feces produced by fish. These substances can cause the spread of microbial and pathogenic agents in aquatic environments. Application of different membrane filtration methods showed that these methods have significant efficiency in removing fine particles and organic matter from aquaculture effluents. Therefore, they can be used for sustainable management of water resources as well as water treatment in this sector.

Keywords


رادخواه، ع.ر. 1393. حذف آمونیاک از سیستم‌‏های پرورش ماهی با استفاده از باکتری‏‌های نیتریفیکاتور. اولین همایش آبزی‏پروری نوین- چالش‏‌ها و فرصت‏‌ها. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. 
رادخواه، ع.ر. و کریمی، ع. 1393. احیای ذخایر ماهیان خاویاری با رویکرد پرورش در قفس. اولین همایش آبزی‏‌پروری نوین- چالش‏‌ها و فرصت‌‏ها. دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان.
رادخواه، ع.ر.، ایگدری، س. و صادقی نژاد ماسوله ا. 1399. بررسی خواص ضدمیکروبی نانوذرات نقره (AgNPs) به‏ منظور کنترل بیماری‌ها و مدیریت بهداشت در سیستم‌های آبزی‌پروری. مجله آبزیان زینتی، 7(۱): 17-15.
رادخواه، ع.ر. و ایگدری، س. 1398. بررسی خصوصیات زیست ‏شناختی و پتانسیل‏‌های پرورشی برخی از گونه‌‏های جراح ماهی (خانواده: Acanthuridae) ساکن خلیج فارس جهت بهره‌‏برداری در صنعت پرورش ماهیان زینتی. مجله آبزیان زینتی، 6(4): 1-11.
رادخواه، ع.ر. 1398. گسترش بیماری‌های انگلی به ‏عنوان تهدیدی جدی برای صنعت پرورش ماهیان زینتی: بررسی میزان شیوع انگل آرگولوس (Argulus) در ماهیان زینتی ایران. مجله آبزیان زینتی، 6(۳): ۱۳-۲۲.
رادخواه، ع.ر. و صادقی‏نژاد ماسوله، ا. 1400. بررسی تاثیر عوامل فیزیکوشیمیایی آب بر زیست‏فراهمی، میزان سمیت و سطح اثرگذاری نانوذرات فلزی در اکوسیستم‌‏های آبزی. نشریه آب و توسعه پایدار، 8(2): 71-90.

Alfa Laval B.W. 2021. Alfa Laval Global Website. What is membrane filtration? Available at: https://www.alfalaval.com/products/separation/membranes/what-is-membrane-filtration. (visited 29 May 2021).
Anis S.F., Hashaikeh R. and Hilal N.2019. Microfiltration membrane processes: A review of research trends over the past decade. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 32: 100941.
Bodzek M., Konieczny K. and Rajca M. 2019. Membranes in water and wastewater disinfection–review. Archives of Environmental Protection, 45(1): 3-18. 
Bonisławska M., Nedzarek A., Drost A., Rybczyk A. and Tórz A., 2016. The application of ceramic membranes for treating effluent water from closed-circuit fish farming. Archives of Environmental Protection, 42(2): 59-66.
Chiam C-k. and Rosalam S. 2011. Purification of aquacultural water: conventional and new membrane-based techniques. Separation and Purification Reviews, 40(2): 126-160.
Dhineshkumar V. and Ramasamy D. 2017. Review on membrane technology applications in food and dairy processing. Journal of Applied Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 3(5): 399-407.
Ezugbe E.O. and Rathilal S. 2020. Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Journal of Membranes, 10: 1-28.
Fletcher R. 2020. Membrane filters prove promising in salmon RAS. Available at: https://thefishsite.com/articles/membrane-filters-prove-promising-in-salmon-ras. (visited 7 May 2020). 
Fossmark R.O., Vadstein O., Rosten T.W., Bakke I., Košeto D., Bugten A.V., Helberg G.A., Nesje J., Jørgensen N.O.J., Raspati G., Azrague K., Østerhus S.W. and Attramadal K.J.K. 2020. Effects of reduced organic matter loading through membrane filtration on the microbial community dynamics in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) with Atlantic salmon parr (Salmo salar). Journal of Aquaculture, 524: 735268.
Gemende B., Gerbeth A., Pausch N. and Bresinsky A.V. 2008. Tests for the application of membrane technology in a new method for intensive aquaculture. Desalination, 224(1–3): 57-63.
Gerbeth A. and Gemende B. 2021. Membrane technology for process water cleaning in aquaculture - chances and challenges. Available at: http://home.zcu.cz/~tesarova/IP/Proceedings/Proc_2012/Presentations/Membrane.pdf. (visited 30 May 2021)
Hube S., Eskafi M., Hrafnkelsdóttir K.F., Bjarnadóttir B., Bjarnadóttir M.A., Axelsdóttir S. and Wu B. 2020. Direct membrane filtration for wastewater treatment and resource recovery: A review. Science of The Total Environment, 710: 136375
Hurtado C.F. and Cancino-Madariaga B. 2014. Ammonia retention capacity of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes in a non steady state system, to be use in recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS). Aquacultural Engineering, 58: 29-34.
Jianxian Z. and Hongqi Y. 2009. Ultrafiltration technology and its application. Journal of Industrial Water and Wastewater, 2: 1-5.
Kurama H., Poetzschke J. and Haseneder R. 2002. The application of membrane filtration for the removal of ammonium ions from potable water. Water Research, 36(11): 2905-2909.
Li X., Jiang L. and Li H. 2018. Application of ultrafiltration technology in water treatment. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 186: 012009.
Nedberg H.G.A. 2018. The effects of membrane filtration in a recirculating aquaculture system on water quality and fish performance of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Available at: https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/handle/11250/2504408.(visited April 14, 2021).
Ostojčić M., Brkić S., Tišma M., Zelić B. and Budžaki S. 2020. Membrane filtration as an environmentally friendly method for crude biodiesel purification. Kemija u Industriji, 69(3-4): 175–181.
Radkhah A.R. and Eagderi S. 2021. Book review: Lobsters: Biology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2019. E. V. Radhakrishnan, Bruce F. Phillips and Gopalakrishnan Achamveetil (eds). Current Science, 12(10): 1640-1642.
Roger C. and Viadero Jr. 2003. Membrane filtration: Emerging technology removes fine solids from recirculating systems. Available at: https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/membrane-filtration-emerging-technology-removes-fine-solids-from-recirculating-systems. (visited 1 June 2003). 
Sun X., Wang C., Li Y., Wang W. and Wei J. 2015. Treatment of phenolic wastewater by combined UF and NF/RO processes. Desalination, 355: 68–74.
Synder Filtration. 2021. Pressure-Driven Membrane Filtration Processes. Available at: https://synderfiltration.com/learning-center/articles/introduction-to-membranes/pressure-driven-membrane-filtration-processes. (visited 29 May 2021).
Takht Ravanchi M., Kaghazchi T. and Kargari A. 2009. Application of membrane separation processes in petrochemical industry: A review. Desalination, 235: 199–244.
Viadero R.C. and Noblet J.A. 2002. Membrane filtration for removal of fine solids from aquaculture process water. Aquacultural Engineering, 26: 151–169.
CAPTCHA Image