بررسی تأثیر عوامل فیزیکوشیمیایی آب بر زیست‏‌فراهمی، میزان سمیت و سطح اثرگذاری نانو ذرات فلزی در اکوسیستم‏‌های آبزی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی بنیادی

نویسندگان

1 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 پژوهشکده آبزی‌پروری آبهای داخلی، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرانزلی، ایران

چکیده

پرورش آبزیان به‏ عنوان یک صنعت در حال رشد در جهان شناخته می‏‌شود. این صنعت مهم تأمین کننده مواد غذایی و درآمد جوامع محلی است. از این‏‌رو، نقش مهمی در پیشرفت اقتصادی کشورها ایفا می‌‏کند. تاکنون فناوری نانو به ‏عنوان یک دانش نوظهور در بسیاری از صنایع مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است که از جمله آن‏ها می‌‏توان به بخش آبزی‏‌پروری اشاره کرد. یکی از جلوه‌‏های فناوری نانو در صنعت آبزی‏‌پروری کاربرد نانو ذرات فلزی می‌‏باشد که با هدف تغذیه آبزیان، بهبود کیفیت آب و کنترل بیماری‏‌ها انجام می‏‌گیرد. اگرچه این مواد کاربرد گسترده‏ای در بخش آبزی‏‌پروری دارند، اما افزایش تولید و استفاده از آن‏ها نگرانی‏‌های زیادی در مورد سمیت بالقوه برای سلامت انسان و محیط‏زیست ایجاد کرده است. تاکنون تحقیقات متعددی در رابطه با تاثیرات سمی نانو ذرات فلزی در محیط‏‌های آبزی صورت گرفته است، اما نقش عوامل محیطی در میزان سمیت این مواد کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر به ‏منظور بررسی اثر برخی از فاکتورهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب-درجه حرارت، شوری، میزان اکسیژن، سختی آب، میزان اسیدیته (pH) و ترکیبات آلی-بر زیست ‏فراهمی، میزان سمیت و سطح اثرگذاری نانو ذرات فلزی در اکوسیستم‏‌های آبزی انجام شد. یافته‏‌های به ‏دست آمده نشان داد، فاکتورهای مورد نظر نقش موثری در کاهش یا افزایش سطح تاثیرگذاری مواد آلاینده در سیستم‏‌های آبی دارند، بنابراین لازم است اهمیت و اثربخشی این فاکتورها در مطالعاتی که با هدف ارزیابی سمیت نانو ذرات انجام می‏‌شود، مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

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