The Impact of Reduction in Growth Season of Autumn Crops on Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources

Document Type : review paper

Author

Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)

Abstract

Currently, a considerable amount of water usage in various sectors of the Khorasan Razavi province: agriculture and industry etc., is supplied through the restricted underground water resources. However, the current trend of water usage in the various sectors, including agriculture, is a cause for serious concerns regarding the durability of quantity and quality of available water to meet future. To achieve an approach for reducing water consumption in the agricultural sector of the province, and to determine the effects of changing the planting date on production potential of wheat, barley, and rapeseed, as the most important autumn crop in province, a study was carried out in the agriculture and natural resources research and education center of Khorasan Razavi. During the years that this study targets, replicated trials for all crops were carried out as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications, So that planting dates as main plots and a diversity of varieties of these crops were studied through subplots. Results indicate that grain yield potential is considerable, with respect to the shortening of growth season for the aforementioned grains. However, compared to favorable grain yields a reduction in crop output was identified. However, it seems that a reduction in the growth season of wheat, barley, and rapeseed along with elimination of autumn irrigations is possible. In general, the outcome of the trial years results show that the optimal choice for the planting date of wheat, barley, and rapeseed, by eliminating irrigation in Mashhad, is the Pending Culture (i.e., when a decrease in temperature stops the seeds from germinating and the seeds sprout after the passage of the winter cold). But for wheat and barley this period may continue until 20th of February, although the optimum planting date is still recommended.

Keywords


ابراهیمی، م.، اکبری، غ.ع.، اکبری، غ.ع. و صمدی فیروزآباد، ب. 1391. اثر تاریخ کاشت بر روی عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرددانه در ارقام کلزا در منطقه ورامین. مجله به زراعی نهال و بذر، 28: 69-80.
باغانی، ج. و قدسی، م. 1383. اثر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری بر ارقام گندم. مجله تحقیقات مهندسی کشاورزی، 5: 1-14.
ببران ص. و هنربخش ن. 1387. بحران وضعیت آب در ایران و جهان. فصلنامه راهبرد، 48: 193-212.
سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خراسان رضوی. 1392. آمارنامه سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان رضوی. معاونت برنامه ریزی و امور اقتصادی. http://www.koaj.ir.
سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خراسان رضوی. 1393. آمارنامه سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان رضوی. معاونت برنامه ریزی و امور اقتصادی. http://www.koaj.ir.
رحیمیان، م.ح. و قدسی، م. 1393. تأثیر حذف آبیاری در مراحل انتهایی رشد بر کارایی مصرف آب و عملکرد پنج ژنوتیپ گندم در مشهد. نشریه پژوهش آب در کشاورزی، 28: 25-38.
علی‌پور، ع.، وکیل‌پور، م.ح.، افشارتبار، ر. و نیک‌زاد، م. 1391. بررسی کارایی مصرف آب گندم در منطقه زرقان. مجله پژوهش آب در کشاورزی، 26: 405-414.
شرکت آب منطقه‌ای خراسان رضوی. 1395. گزارش‌ سیمای آب خراسان رضوی (سال 1394). http://www.khrw.ir.
Heping Z. 2003. Improving Water Productivity through Deficit Irrigation: Examples from Syria, the North China Plain and Oregon, USA. In J.W. Kijne et al. (Eds.). Water Productivity in Agriculture: Limits and Opportunities for Improvement. CAB International, pp. 301- 309.
Hu Y., Moiwo J.P., Yang Y., Han S. and Yang Y. 2010. Agricultural water-saving and sustainable groundwater management in Shijiazhuang Irrigation District, North China Plain. Journal of Hydrology, 393: 219–232.
Meng Q., Sun Q., Chen X., Cui Z., Yue S., Zhang F. and Romheld V. 2012. Alternative cropping systems for sustainable water and nitrogen use in the North China plain. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 146: 93-102.
Sun Q., Kroble R., Muller T., Romheld V., Cui Z., Zhang F. and Chen X. 2011. Optimization of yield and water-use of different cropping systems for sustainable groundwater use in North China plain. Agricultural Water Management, 98: 808-814.
Xue Q., Rudd J.C., Liu S., Jessup K.E., Devkota R.N., and Mahan J.R. 2014. yield determination and water-use efficiency of wheat under water-limited conditions in the u.s. southern high plains. Crop Science, 54:34–47.
CAPTCHA Image